Going to the shooting range for the first time can be exciting and intimidating. If you’re like me, you’re probably asking yourself questions such as: What should I bring, what do I do when I get there, and how do I avoid showing everyone I’m a “gun noob”?

Don’t worry, we’ve got your six. Here’s what to expect and how to prepare for your first day at the shooting range.

Gun Safety! Memorize these 4 key rules

Gun safety rules are essential for anyone who owns, handles or shoots a firearm. Whether on the shooting range or at home, these rules are designed to prevent accidents, injuries, and deaths caused by improper or careless use of guns.

The most widely taught gun safety rules are the four rules developed by Colonel Jeff Cooper. Col. Cooper was a former Marine and firearms instructor, and creator of the American Pistol Institute, which later became known as Gunsite Academy (a mecca for shooting enthusiasts).

The rules are simple:

RULE 1: TREAT EVERY GUN AS IF IT IS LOADED.

RULE 2: NEVER POINT THE GUN AT ANYTHING YOU ARE NOT WILLING TO DESTROY.

RULE 3: KEEP YOUR FINGER OFF THE TRIGGER UNTIL YOU ARE READY TO SHOOT.

RULE 4: BE AWARE OF YOUR TARGET AND WHAT IS BEYOND IT.

How do I Find a Shooting Range

I moved across the country about 9 years ago. It was fun and exciting, but I had to spend a lot of time getting to know what was around. I had to find new “homes” for everything from doctors to grocery stores to shooting ranges, etc.

Thankfully, I found WhereToShoot.org. This amazing resource will help you find all sorts of shooting ranges close by. And while you can always go online to look up customer reviews, I highly recommend you visit them in person, at least once, and experience what they offer for yourself.

Before You Go to the shooting range

Make sure you have the essentials: Most of these items can be rented or purchased at most commercial gun ranges, but you should call ahead to find out for sure.

1. Your gun(s) and magazine(s)
2. Approved ammunition (each range is different)
3. Eye and ear protection
4. Targets
5. Range bag (I used a backpack for the longest time)
6. Anything weather-related for outdoor ranges (sunscreen, hat, water, etc.).

Bonus Tip: Bring some cardboard to use as backing for your targets. (Amazon boxes work great!)

General Tips for when you arrive

1. Expect to arrive early your first time at any range.
2. Expect some paperwork and sometimes a safety video or briefing before you can shoot.
3. They may inspect your firearms and ammunition (they often prohibit or limit certain items).
4. Take time to carefully read the range rules and regulations, and follow them at all times. If something is unclear, ask.
5. You also want to figure out the fees and payment (flat fee, by the hour, etc.) before you start shooting.

Range Commands you should memorize

Always listen to and obey the range commands given by the Range Safety Officer (aka RSO) or staff, ALWAYS. It doesn’t matter what you’ve seen on TV or YouTube, or what your daddy taught you…

Their range. Their rules. Don’t forget it…That said, the most common range commands are:

1. “Range is Hot” which means the area is cleared for ready for active fire.
2. “Make Ready” means to load your gun, arm the firing mechanism, and prepare to shoot.
3. “Standby” means prepare to shoot; typically followed by a buzzer or whistle indicating a shooting exercise or free shoot has begun.
4. “Fire when Ready” means you can start shooting when ready.
5. “Cease Fire” means stop shooting IMMEDIATELY. Unload your gun and make it “safe”.
6. “Clear [Your Weapon]” which means to unload your gun and show that it is empty, typically by locking the slide or bolt back so that anyone can see into the chamber and verify it is not loaded.
7. “Range is Cold” typically called after a Cease Fire, essentially means the range is inactive and no further shots should be fired or weapons handled until further instruction from staff.

Range Etiquette

Being respectful and courteous to other shooters and staff should be a no-brainer.

1. Know and follow the 4 key rules of gun safety (tired of hearing that yet? I never tire of saying it ).
2. Always keep your gun pointed downrange or in a safe direction, even if you’re showing it to someone or have the slide or bolt locked back.
3. Move people between shooting bays/stations, not firearms.
4. Clean up your brass and trash, and leave your shooting area better than you found it.
5. Don’t be that guy who strolls in with a small armory and leaves his stuff all over the place.
   • No one wants to step over your cases and bags, and you’re certainly not entitled to take up a range bay for your extra crap! (sorry, pet peeve of mine )

Indoor Range Tips

If you are going to an indoor shooting range, you should be aware of some of the differences and challenges.

• Indoor shooting ranges are usually louder than outdoor shooting ranges. Bring extra ear protection if needed.
• Indoor ranges can be more crowded. Expect a wait and be aware of your surroundings!
• Depending on the lighting, they can be dark and dim, or super bright/well-lit. Adjust your electronic sight’s brightness levels accordingly.
• Finally, be mindful of the ventilation and air quality, and avoid inhaling too much gas/smoke (which is normally full of lead).

Outdoor Range Tips

Personally, I enjoy the natural scenery and the fresh air of outdoor shooting. If you are going to an outdoor shooting range, you should be prepared for some of the advantages and disadvantages here as well.

• Outdoor shooting ranges are usually more friendly on the ears and more spacious than indoor shooting ranges.
• Depending on the time of day and weather, they can be well-lit or dim. Adjust your electronic sight’s brightness levels accordingly.
• Outdoor ranges expose you and your gear to the elements. Bring extra rags and brushes for cleaning, just in case.
• Be mindful of the weather and the terrain, and dress accordingly.
• Finally, check with the staff to understand shooting distances when unmarked.

FAQs:

Q: What should I wear to the shooting range?

Answer: Wear comfortable clothing that covers your arms and legs, and is weather appropriate. Closed-toe shoes are a must. And don’t forget a hat of sorts to protect your head from hot brass!

Q: What should I do if I have a malfunction or jam?

Answer: If you experience a malfunction or jam, you should keep your gun pointed downrange. Unless you are experienced and know how to safely clear the malfunction, raise your hand to signal the range safety officer (RSO) or staff.

Q: Can I take pictures or videos at the shooting range?

Answer: This depends on the range policy and the consent of other shooters. Some ranges may allow you to take pictures or videos of yourself or your group, as long as you do not disturb or endanger anyone else. Other ranges may prohibit any photography or videography for safety or privacy reasons.

Q: How can I improve my shooting skills at the range?

Answer: Sign up for a class, hire an instructor or coach, and practice basic drills. Focus on the fundamentals of shooting, such as sight alignment, trigger control, grip, stance, and breathing. Pro Tip: Set realistic goals and measurable your progress over time.

Q: How do I dispose of my used targets, brass, and trash?

Answer: Always clean up after yourself and leave your shooting area better than you found it. Some ranges may allow you to keep your brass for reloading, others may not…check the range policy to be sure. Dispose of your used targets and other trash in the designated bins or containers provided by the range.

Now Go Get Shootin’

You are now ready to have a blast (pun intended) at the shooting range! You know what to expect, what to bring, and how to keep yourself out of trouble. Remember to always follow the range rules and commands, and be respectful to other shooters and staff. Shooting at the range can be a fun and rewarding experience, whether you are a beginner or a seasoned pro. So, grab your gun, gear up, and head to the shooting range. Happy shooting!

About the Author

Joe is a dedicated husband, father of 5, volunteer, and avid outdoorsman. He enjoys spending time with family and friends, learning new things, and teaching and empowering others to do the same.

And if I don’t know the answer, I’ll help them find the answer. I always enjoy doing a little research, talking to experts who are smarter than me, and sharing what I learn with others. To that end, let’s quickly run through 9 of the most common questions I get from folks interested in learning more about firearms.

Why Would I Consider Gun Ownership?

There are tons of reasons why someone would want to buy a gun, both good and bad. I’m going to cover the top 5 I hear from firearm owners I speak with. Read this article from Pew Research to learn more about America’s views on gun ownership, according to their 2023 survey.

1.   Home Defense

2.   Self Defense/Concealed Carry

3.   Hunting

4.   Recreational Shooting

5.   Competitive/Sport Shooting

What Kind of Gun Should I Buy?

There are no one-size-fits-most answers for potential gun owners. I typically end up asking a ton of questions here, like “What do you want to use it for?”, “What’s your budget?”, and “Where do you plan on storing it?” Here are my top 5 suggestions, based on the categories above.

Where Do I Buy a Gun?

Many places provide a safe and comfortable environment to shop for a gun. All firearm dealers must have a Federal Firearms License (FFL), in addition to any required state licenses. Some states prohibit or restrict transactions between private individuals and others allow it without any restrictions. Here are some of my top recommendations for places to shop for your gun ownership needs:

1.   Gun Dealer: Any FFL retailer that is focused primarily on the sale of firearms.

2.   Sporting Goods Stores: Most have a gun section with knowledgeable employees.

3.   Shooting Range: Some shooting ranges also have retail stores.

4.   Local Gun Shows: Tons of options and everyone there loves guns too!

5.   Online: Yes, you can buy online from many reputable dealers.

6.   Pawn Shop: Some are better than others, avoid the shady ones .

7.   Individual FFL: Someone with a home-based FFL gun dealership.

8.   Private Individual: Some states allow us to sell or transfer used guns.

What Should I Expect When Buying My First Gun?

The first time you buy a gun, expect it to take a little while. You’ll want to handle lots of different guns, get a feel for the size and weight, and ask tons of questions. You’ll want to make sure you have a government-issued ID and be prepared to fill out some paperwork.

Be prepared to complete ATF Form 4473 and a background check through NICS, among other things. ATF Form 4473 will help ensure you meet all of the federal requirements to own a gun. The background check will ensure you do not have a criminal background or restraining orders that automatically prevent you from owning a firearm.

Typically, the paperwork takes about 5 minutes while the background check takes about an hour. Assuming you clear the background check, the paperwork normally must be double-checked by a second store employee. If you get put on the “Delay” or “Hold” list it can take a week or so to clear up, depending on the issue(s).

Do I Need a License to Buy a Gun?

Short answer: Maybe? It depends on where you live. Some states require you to have a license or permit to purchase or own a gun. Others allow anyone who can pass the Federal Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF) background check and screening process to purchase a gun.

You should always check the laws, rules, and regulations in your state when it comes to gun ownership. A quick Google search normally does the trick. You can always head into your local gun shop or sporting goods store, consult with an attorney, or call the local or state police.

Can I Buy a Gun as a Gift?

The short answer here is Yes. Technically, you should declare that you intend to purchase the gun as a gift for someone else. And if it’s not a surprise, they should be present with you and register the gun in their name. Some states may have restrictions in place that prevent you from registering the gun and then transferring it to another person.

It’s always best to check with employees at an FFL firearms dealer or consult an attorney. They are often intimately familiar with the laws and regulations in your home state and can provide you with the best advice and guidance.

Are Guns Safe?

Guns are mechanical devices and require an operator for them to function, just like vehicles, machinery, or power tools. While modern guns come equipped with many safety features, they are only as safe as the operator who controls them. For example, all modern vehicles come with tons of standard safety features, but that doesn’t prevent driver-caused accidents and fatalities.

At the end of the day, YOU are the best safety feature a gun can have. Start by memorizing the legendary Lt. Col. Jeff Cooper’s 4 Rules of Gun Safety and practice them every time you handle a firearm. Then learn how guns function and how to properly control and manipulate your firearm. You can never be too safe and should never stop training.

What Are Some of the Safety Features?

Modern guns incorporate a variety of safety features to prevent accidental discharges and promote safe handling. Here are some of the most common:

·        Manual Safety Locks: Prevent the trigger from engaging the firing mechanism.

·        Internal Safety Locks: Prevent the firing mechanism from engaging without the trigger being pulled.

·        Trigger Safety: Requires a tab or button to be pressed before the trigger will engage.

·        Drop Safety: Prevents the firing mechanism from engaging due to impact from a drop.

·        Loaded Chamber Indicator: Alerts the operator that a cartridge is loaded in the chamber.

How Can I Learn More About Guns?

There are numerous ways to expand your education and knowledge base regarding firearms. I could talk about this subject for hours, but for your sake, I’ll boil it down to just a few key recommendations for responsible gun ownership.

1.   Take a basic pistol, rifle, and/or shotgun class at your local shooting range

2.   Read firearm blogs, like this one

3.   Join a shooting club at your local shooting range or an online community.

4.   Sign up for other educational courses from providers like USCCA or US Law Shield

5.   Browse YouTube for helpful videos regarding how guns function, how to use them safely, or detailed reviews of federal, state, and local laws.